Tumor Lysis Syndrome

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Other Names :  

TLS

What is Tumor Lysis Syndrome ?  

A group of metabolic complications that can occur after treatment of cancer, usually lymphomas and leukemias. They can sometimes occur without treatment.


Cause(s) :  
  • Breakdown of tumour or cancer cells
Symptoms :  
  • Hyperkalemia (High potassium levels in blood)
    • Cardiac conduction abnormalities
    • Severe muscle weakness or paralysis
  • Hyperphosphatemia (High phosphate levels)
    • Acute kidney failure
    • Calcium phosphate crystals in kidney
  • Hypocalcemia (low levels of calcium)
    • Tetany (involuntary contraction of muscles)
    • Sudden mental incapacity, emotional lability
    • Parkinsonian movement disorders
    • Papilledema (Optic disc swelling caused by intracranial pressure)
    • Myopathy (disease of muscles)
Diagnosis and Tests :  
  • Blood tests for uric acid, potassium, phosphate, calcium
  • Serum creatinine
  • ECG
  • Imaging studies for presence of tumour
Specialist to consult :  Oncology-Medical

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