Boerhaaves Syndrome

• Injury caused by medical instrumentation such as endoscopy
• Sudden increase in intraesophageal pressure caused by straining or vomiting
• Infectious ulcers in patients with AIDS
• Dilation of esophageal strictures

• Severe retching and vomiting
• Excruciating pain in retrosternal chest and upper abdomen
• Mackler’s triad: Chest pain, vomiting and subcutaneous emphysema
• Pain can radiate to left shoulder causing physicians to consider myocardial infarction as a diagnosis.

• Radiography
• Computed Tomography (CT) Scan
• Examination of pleural fluid in patients presenting with pleural effusion
• Saliva test for squamous cells
• Esophagram

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