Azotemia (High Blood Nitrogen Levels) - Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Which doctor should I consult for azotemia?

A: You should consult a urologist or nephrologist.

Q: What is the average life expectancy of patients on dialysis?

A: 5-10 years.

Q: Which substances accumulate in the blood in azotemia?

A: These include nitrogen waste products such as urea and creatinine.

Q: Can azotemia be caused by dehydration?

A: Yes.

Q: At what blood creatinine level should dialysis be started?

A: For adults it should be ≥10 mg/dL and for children ≥2 mg/dL.

Q: What is FENa?

A: Fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) is the amount of salt (sodium) excreted through urine relative to the amount filtered and reabsorbed by the kidney. It is not a test but a calculation based on sodium and creatinine levels in the blood and urine. FENa values less than 1% indicate decreased blood flow to the kidney, which can happen with kidney damage during dehydration or heart failure. FENa values greater than 1% suggests damage intrinsic to the kidney itself.