Results of the new study offer clues to how adolescent binge drinking changes learning, memory in young adults.

‘Donepezil has the potential to repair brain damage like impairment of learning, memory and anxiety caused by adolescent alcohol exposure.’
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"Research has begun to show that human adolescents who drink early and consistently across the adolescent years have some deficits in brain function that can affect learning and memory, as well as anxiety and social behaviors," said senior author Scott Swartzwelder, Ph.D., professor of psychiatry at Duke. Read More..





"The changes can be subtle, but who wants even subtle deficits in their brain function or how they think and feel?" Swartzwelder said. "Studies in animal models show that adolescent alcohol exposure can change the ways nerve cells communicate with each other, and the level of plasticity in brain circuits -- compromising the ability of the brain to change and adapt. These changes can be seen in adulthood - long after the alcohol exposure has ended"
Because they can't ethically have young people drink alcohol to study its effects, researchers use the developing brains of rats to understand the effects of "intermittent alcohol exposure," resulting in blood-alcohol levels that are consistent with those achieved by human adolescent drinkers.
The scientists observed that in addition to brain inflammation, adolescent alcohol exposure inhibited the birth of new neurons in the hippocampus, Swartzwelder said, and may even accelerate neuronal death -- making it is easier to lose existing cells and more difficult to produce new ones.
Once the rats reached adulthood, they were given donepezil, a cognition-enhancing drug that is marketed under the brand name Aricept. After four days of treatment, the researchers studied the animals' brains, looking closely at the hippocampus. The rats that received donepezil in adulthood after adolescent alcohol exposure showed less inflammation and better ability to produce new neurons compared to rats that did not receive the donepezil treatment. "We don't know if the reversal of these alcohol effects by donepezil is permanent, but it at least transiently reverses them," Swartzwelder said.
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"It's obvious that not everyone who drinks during adolescence grows up and completely fails at life," Swartzwelder said. "You might not notice the deficits in obvious ways every day, but you run the risk of losing your edge. Sometimes a small impairment of brain function can have a broad ripple effect in someone's life."
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Source-Eurekalert