Over-the-Counter (OTC) Antihistamines Drugs for Allergy

Over-the-Counter (OTC) Antihistamines Drugs for Allergy

Second generation over-the-counter antihistamines cause less side effects like drowsiness.

Over-the-counter antihistamines are available in the form of first generation and second generation antihistamines.(3Popular Over-the-Counter Oral Antihistamine Brands

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First generation OTC anti-histamines for allergies (active ingredients and brand names):

• Brompheniramine – Dimetane
• Chlorpheniramine – Chlor-Trimeton
• Diphenhydramine – Benadryl

Second generation OTC anti-histamines for allergies (active ingredients and brand names):

• Loratadine – Claritin
• Cetirizine – Zyrtec

Indications – sneezing, itching, watery eyes and runny nose and hives.

Contraindications – discontinue use and seek medical attention if serious allergic reaction occurs.

Dosage:

Cetirizine (Zyrtec): Tablet - 5-10 mg orally once a day depending upon symptom severity. Syrup – 5 mg/ 5 mL

Loratadine (Claritin, Tavist), Brompheniramine (Dimetane): Tablet – 10mg once daily for adults, 5 mg once daily for children 2 to 5 years.

Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton) – 4 mg orally every 4 - 6 hrs; sustained-release: 8 or 12 mg orally every 8 - 12 hours. Maximum dose: 24 mg/day.

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl): 25 mg to 50 mg (1-2 capsules) per day for adults and children above 12 years; for children 6 -12 years of age – 25 mg (1 capsule)

Side effects – drowsiness especially in case of first-generation antihistamines, restlessness, nervousness, upset stomach, dry mouth, irritability, difficulty urinating and sometimes blurred vision.

Precautions and Warnings:

• Second-generation antihistamines are less likely to interact with other drugs like sedatives
• Do not use antihistamines in large amounts or for longer than recommended.
• Use alcohol cautiously if you are on antihistamines
• While taking antihistamines, do not drive or use machinery that could harm you if you are not alert

• Consult your doctor before using antihistamines if you have glaucoma, high blood pressure, hyperthyroidism, heart disease, stomach problems, liver disease, kidney disease and diabetes
• Inform your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
• Store in cool, dry place. Protect from heat and light