The reason why vitamin D is vital for brain health is explained in a recent research at the University of Queensland. Deficiency of the vitamin could lead to mental health disorders including depression and schizophrenia.
Associate Professor Thomas Burne at UQ's Queensland Brain Institute led the studies, which provide the groundwork for research into better prevention and treatments.
Link between Statins and Vitamin D
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‘Deficiency of Vitamin D reduced the perineuronal nets in the hippocampus, the part of the brain responsible for memory formation.’
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"Over a billion people worldwide are affected by vitamin D deficiency, and there is a well-established link between vitamin D deficiency and impaired cognition," Dr Burne said.
"Unfortunately, exactly how vitamin D influences brain structure and function is not well understood, so it has remained unclear why deficiency causes problems."
![Medical Management of Vitamin Deficiencies]( "Medical Management of Vitamin Deficiencies")
Vitamins are essential for our body to grow and develop normally. Vitamin deficiencies are widespread. Understand the role of dietary sources in vitamin deficiency prevention.
Dr Burne's team found that vitamin D levels affect a type of 'scaffolding' in the brain, called perineuronal nets.
"These nets form a strong, supportive mesh around certain neurons, and in doing so they stabilize the contacts these cells make with other neurons," he said.
Researchers removed vitamin D from the diet of a group of healthy adult mice, and after 20 weeks found a significant decline in their ability to remember and learn compared to a control group.
Dr Burne said the vitamin D deficient group had a pronounced reduction in perineuronal nets in the hippocampus, the brain region crucial to memory formation.
"There was also a stark reduction in both the number and strength of connections between neurons in that region."
Dr Burne's team propose that vitamin D plays an important role in keeping perineuronal nets stable, and that when vitamin D levels drop, this 'scaffolding' is more easily degraded by enzymes.
"As neurons in the hippocampus lose their supportive perineuronal nets, they have trouble maintaining connections, and this ultimately leads to a loss of cognitive function."
Associate Professor Burne said the hippocampus may be most strongly affected by vitamin D deficiency because it is much more active than other brain regions.
"It's like the canary in the coalmine--it might fail first because its high energy requirement makes it more sensitive to the depletion of essential nutrients like vitamin D.
"Intriguingly, the right side of the hippocampus was more affected by vitamin D deficiency than the left side."
Associate Professor Burne said loss of function in this area could be an important contributor to the hallmarks of schizophrenia, including severe memory deficits and a distorted perception of reality.
"The next step is to test this new hypothesis on the link between vitamin D deficiency, perineuronal nets and cognition," he said.
"We are also particularly excited to have discovered these nets can change in adult mice.
"I'm hoping that because they're dynamic there is a chance that we can rebuild them, and that could set the stage for new treatments."
The research is published in Brain Structure and Function and Trends in Neuroscience.
Source: Eurekalert
Medical Management of Vitamin Deficiencies
Vitamins are essential for our body to grow and develop normally. Vitamin deficiencies are widespread. Understand the role of dietary sources in vitamin deficiency prevention.
Advertisement
Dr Burne's team found that vitamin D levels affect a type of 'scaffolding' in the brain, called perineuronal nets.
"These nets form a strong, supportive mesh around certain neurons, and in doing so they stabilize the contacts these cells make with other neurons," he said.
Researchers removed vitamin D from the diet of a group of healthy adult mice, and after 20 weeks found a significant decline in their ability to remember and learn compared to a control group.
Dr Burne said the vitamin D deficient group had a pronounced reduction in perineuronal nets in the hippocampus, the brain region crucial to memory formation.
"There was also a stark reduction in both the number and strength of connections between neurons in that region."
Dr Burne's team propose that vitamin D plays an important role in keeping perineuronal nets stable, and that when vitamin D levels drop, this 'scaffolding' is more easily degraded by enzymes.
"As neurons in the hippocampus lose their supportive perineuronal nets, they have trouble maintaining connections, and this ultimately leads to a loss of cognitive function."
Associate Professor Burne said the hippocampus may be most strongly affected by vitamin D deficiency because it is much more active than other brain regions.
"It's like the canary in the coalmine--it might fail first because its high energy requirement makes it more sensitive to the depletion of essential nutrients like vitamin D.
"Intriguingly, the right side of the hippocampus was more affected by vitamin D deficiency than the left side."
Associate Professor Burne said loss of function in this area could be an important contributor to the hallmarks of schizophrenia, including severe memory deficits and a distorted perception of reality.
"The next step is to test this new hypothesis on the link between vitamin D deficiency, perineuronal nets and cognition," he said.
"We are also particularly excited to have discovered these nets can change in adult mice.
"I'm hoping that because they're dynamic there is a chance that we can rebuild them, and that could set the stage for new treatments."
The research is published in Brain Structure and Function and Trends in Neuroscience.
Source: Eurekalert
Sunlight: An Important Source of Vitamin D
Vitamin D is an essential vitamin necessary for the development of bones. Sunlight helps the body to produce vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency results in rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults.
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 Vitamin D DeficiencyVitamin D the sunshine vitamin is essential for strong bones. Vitamin D deficiency is reportedly increasing worldwide and cause bone pain and muscle weakness. | Advertisement
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