High fat intake sustains sorbitol intolerance after antibiotic-mediated Clostridia depletion from the gut microbiota
Go to source). Sorbitol, a sugar alcohol, is used in sugar-free gum, mints, candy, and other products. It is also found naturally in apricots, apples, pears, avocadoes, and other foods. At high levels, sorbitol can cause bloating, cramps, and diarrhea.
Gut Microbes Ease Constipation
The presence of abfA cluster within the gut microbiota suggests its potential development as an impactful biomarker for gastrointestinal conditions.
The presence of abfA cluster within the gut microbiota suggests its potential development as an impactful biomarker for gastrointestinal conditions.
‘Potential link between 'sorbitol intolerance' and reduced gut microbes following antibiotic use and high-fat diets, has been highlighted by a new study, identifying alterations in the gut microbiome that affect sorbitol digestion.
#gutmicrobe #antibiotics #sorbitolintolerance
’
Tweet it Now
For some people, even a small amount causes digestive upset, a condition known as sorbitol intolerance. A new study with mice found that taking antibiotics, combined with a high-fat diet, reduced the number of Clostridia gut microbes, which can break down sorbitol.
“Our research suggests that microbial sorbitol degradation normally protects the host against sorbitol intolerance. However, an impairment in the microbial ability to break down sorbitol causes sorbitol intolerance,” said Jee-Yon Lee, first author of the study.
Antibiotics' Influence on Gut Microbes and Hypertensive Organ Damage
Modifying gut microbiota could influence the progression of organ damage connected to hypertension, reveals study.
Modifying gut microbiota could influence the progression of organ damage connected to hypertension, reveals study.
The researchers used metagenomic analysis to identify which gut bacteria have genes that make the enzyme that breaks down sorbitol. They also identified which of those gut bacteria were plentiful before — but not after — antibiotic treatment.
Advertisement
Power of Gut Microbes: Effect of Early Detection of Gestational Diabetes
Researchers have shown that gestational diabetes can be identified as early as the first trimester of pregnancy, which is typically months before it is typically diagnosed.
Researchers have shown that gestational diabetes can be identified as early as the first trimester of pregnancy, which is typically months before it is typically diagnosed.
The researchers found that after the mice were given antibiotics and fed a diet high in saturated fat, the cells lining the gut used less oxygen. This created a higher level of oxygen in the gut, decreasing Clostridia. Without enough Clostridia, sorbitol was not broken down in the gut.
Advertisement
Gut Microbes Share an Evolutionary History with their Human Host
A new study revealed that bacterial species strains in the gut microbiota codiversified with human populations as they spread across the globe.
A new study revealed that bacterial species strains in the gut microbiota codiversified with human populations as they spread across the globe.
Impact of Antibiotics on Gut Microbes
In one, they fed the mice Anaerostipes caccae, a gut bacterium that produces butyrate. Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid produced as part of the normal fermentation process in the gut. It enhances oxygen usage by the cells that line the gut, the epithelial lining, which reduces oxygen levels in the large intestine.Regulating the oxygen level with Anaerostipes caccae restored the normal levels of Clostridia, which protected the mice from sorbitol-induced diarrhea, even after the butyrate-producing bacteria had been cleared from the mouse’s digestive system.
The researchers suggest that a drug used to treat ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and other inflammatory bowel diseases, mesalazine (5-aminosalicylate), may be a treatment for sorbitol intolerance in humans.
Mesalazine, also known as mesalamine, functions similarly to butyrate-producing bacteria, restoring the low oxygen levels in the intestine preferred by Clostridia.
“This discovery is crucial, given the prevalent use of sorbitol and similar sugar alcohols in the production of keto-friendly diet foods that are high in fat content," Lee said.
“It also highlights the importance of oxygen consumption by the epithelial lining in the intestines in maintaining a healthy balance of gut bacteria, especially Clostridia, for proper digestion of certain sugars.”
An important limitation of the study is that mice can tolerate much higher sorbitol levels than humans. Mice possess a cecum — a pouch in their digestive system that slows the flow of intestinal contents and helps digest carbohydrates, which may contribute to being able to better tolerate sorbitol.
Clinical studies will be needed to test the hypothesis that mesalazine could treat sorbitol intolerance in humans.
“Our study provides a completely new starting point for approaches to diagnose, prevent, and treat sorbitol intolerance,” said Andreas Bäumler, senior author of the study.
Bäumler is a distinguished professor and vice chair of research at the UC Davis Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology.
Reference:
- High fat intake sustains sorbitol intolerance after antibiotic-mediated Clostridia depletion from the gut microbiota - (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867424000667?via%3Dihub)
Source-Eurekalert
