Mobile Health Devices may Help Detect Heart Disease Early

Mobile health (mHealth) devices could aid in the screening and detection of atrial fibrillation (AF) by using photoplethysmography (PPG) technology, reports a new study. The findings of the study are published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a heart rhythm condition that causes an irregular and sometimes, abnormally fast heart rate. In AF, the heart's upper chambers (atria) contract randomly and sometimes so fast that the heart muscle cannot relax properly between contractions. This reduces the heart's efficiency and performance - but also leads to a higher risk of blood clots.

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‘mHealth devices such as mobile phones, fitness trackers, and smartwatches facilitate earlier detection and better management of heart condition. ’

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AF is the most common heart rhythm disturbance, affecting around one million people in the UK. People with AF are at increased risk of having a stroke and dying, as well as heart failure and dementia.

Currently, low detection due to lack of visible symptoms and nonadherence are major problems in current management approaches for patients with suspected AF.

Photoplethysmography technology
mHealth devices, such as fitness trackers, smartwatches, and mobile phones, may enable earlier AF detection, and improved AF management through the use of photoplethysmography (PPG) technology.

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PPG is a simple and low-cost optical technique that can be used to detect blood volume changes in the microvascular bed of tissue. It is often used non-invasively to make measurements at the skin surface.

Researchers, led by Associate Professor Guo from Chinese PLA General Hospital in Beijing, and Professor Gregory Lip, Lead for the Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science/Price-Evans Chair of Cardiovascular Medicine at University of Liverpool, aimed to determine the feasibility of AF screening in a large population-based cohort using smart devices with PPG technology, combined with a clinical care AF management pathway.

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As part of the study AF screening was performed with smart wristbands* or watches** using PPG technology*** made available for the population aged over 18 years across China for approximately seven months (October 26, 2018, to May 20, 2019).

Results
Overall, 187,912 participants used smart devices to monitor their pulse rhythm. During this time, 424 (0.23%) of the individuals received a 'suspected AF' notification. Of those, 227 (87%) were confirmed as having AF by health providers and other secondary examinations. These patients were provided with therapy and successfully anticoagulated.

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Associate Professor Guo, said: "Based on our present study, continuous home-monitoring with smart device based PPG technology could be a feasible, cost-effective approach for AF screening. There was 95 percent of patients following the entry into a program of integrated AF care, and approximately 80% of high-risk patients were successfully anticoagulated. This would help efforts at screening and detection of AF, as well as early interventions to reduce stroke and other AF-related complications."

Professor Lip, said: "Improved AF care requires early detection and the opportunity for streamlined management decision-making. Better detection can be followed by implementing the priorities of AF management, which is as 'easy as ABC': Avoid stroke; Better symptom optimization; Cardiovascular and risk factor management."

Source-Eurekalert