Children with weak physical fitness combined with a high body fat percentage or low levels of physical activity have the stiffest arteries.

The study sample included 160 children, and the findings were published in Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. The study showed that better physical fitness, plenty of leisure time physical activity and a low body fat percentage were associated with more flexible arterial walls already in primary school children.
An analysis of the joint effects of these factors shows that only physical fitness was independently linked to arterial stiffness. Children whose physical fitness was better than that of their peers also had a better arterial dilation capacity during physical exercise.
Furthermore, the study showed that children with weak physical fitness combined with a high body fat percentage or low levels of physical activity also had the stiffest arteries.
Moreover, higher arterial stiffness was also found in children with low levels of physical activity combined with a high body fat percentage.
Children with the most physical activity or with the best physical fitness had the most flexible arteries and the best arterial dilation capacity. The findings suggest that a lifestyle intervention in childhood can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases later in life.
The study appears in Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports.
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