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Cyclophosphamide - Indications, Dosage, Side Effects and Precautions

Written & Compiled by Anushta Chandrapalan, M.Sc  | Medically Reviewed by The Medindia Medical Review Team
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Information about Cyclophosphamide

Generic Name : Cyclophosphamide
Pronunciation : sye kloe foss' fa mide
Latest prescription information about Cyclophosphamide. Learn how to pronounce the drug's name, its indications, dosage, how to take, when to take, when not to take, side effects, special precautions, warnings and its storage instructions . Also listed are the International and Indian trade name(s) of the drug and its price list.
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Trade Names/Brand Names of Cyclophosphamide

India : 

More...

International : 

Cytoxan, Neosar
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Why is Cyclophosphamide Prescribed? (Indications)

This medication is an antineoplastic agent, prescribed for many types of cancers like lymphatic cancer, cancer of white blood cells and plasma cells, etc,. It slows or stops the growth of cancer cells in your body.  

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When should Cyclophosphamide not be taken? (Contraindications)

It may cause bladder bleeding in patients with bone-marrow defect, acute infection, and drug- or radiation-induced urinary tract toxicity, harmful to pregnancy and lactation.

What is the dosage of Cyclophosphamide?

Adults and Children- Treatment of Malignant Diseases- The recommended dose is 40 to 50 mg/kg given intravenously in divided doses over a period of 2 to 5 days.
Treatment of Nonmalignant Diseases- An oral dose of 2.5 to 3 mg/kg daily for a period of 60 to 90 days is recommended.

How should Cyclophosphamide be taken?

It comes as a tablet to take by mouth, on an empty stomach.
It also comes as a solution for injection to be administered by a healthcare provider into the vein.

What are the warnings and precautions for Cyclophosphamide?

• It may cause blood disorders.

• Caution should be exercised in elderly or debilitated, diabetic patients, who have undergone adrenal removal operation.

• Monitor blood profile and presence of RBCs in urine regularly.

• Maintain adequate hydration and frequent urination to reduce the risk of cystitis.

What are the side effects of Cyclophosphamide?

  Heart: Acute cardiac toxicity, heart failure, blood in the pericardium, fluid accumulation, irreversible destruction of heart muscle, inflammation of pericardium.
  Central Nervous System: Lack of energy, general discomfort.
  Skin: Hair loss, nail changes, skin pigmentation, skin rash, toxic epidermal blistering.
  Gastrointestinal: Abdominal discomfort and pain, loss of appetite, diarrhea, bleeding in colon, sore throat, nausea, vomiting.
  Hormone: Syndrome of inappropriate anti- diuretic hormone hyper secretion.
  Genitourinary: Absence of a menstrual period associated with decreased estrogen and increased gonadotropin secretion, atypical urinary bladder epithelial cells in the urine, absence of sperm, urinary bladder inflammation, blood in urine, impairment of fertility, cyst in ovary, death of tubular cells , urinary bladder cyst.
  Liver: Jaundice.
  Blood-Lymphatic: Decrease in all types of blood cells with fever.
  Hypersensitivity: Systemic vasodilatation which results in low blood pressure, including death.
  Respiratory: Scarring of both lungs, scarring and thickening of the lung tissues.
  Miscellaneous: Infections, cancers caused by treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.

What are the other precautions for Cyclophosphamide?

It may cause absence of menstrual period in women.

What are the storage conditions for Cyclophosphamide?

Store at 25�C. Store it in air tight container and keep away from children.


Schedule : G
Drugs that are to be used only under medical supervision.



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