Corrected Sodium Calculator

Hyperglycemia (increased blood glucose) can lower sodium level in blood. In such cases, use Medindia's Corrected Sodium Calculator to calculate the sodium level in patients to overcome the deficit.

Sodium is an essential nutrient and is needed by the body in relatively small amounts(unless substantial sweating occurs). It helps to maintain the balance of bodily fluids and ensures muscles and nerves function smoothly.

Abnormalities in serum sodium concentration, such as hypernatremia (high sodium level) and hyponatremia (low sodium level), are common electrolyte disorders (1^✔).

Serum sodium concentration is regulated by water homeostasis, which is mediated by thirst, arginine vasopressin, and the kidneys.

Recommended sodium intake

Adults (≥14 years): 1,500–2,300 mg/day, as per the IOM and WHO guidelines.
Children (2-14years): 1200- 2,300 mg/day, adjusted based on calorie intake, based on WHO guidelines (2^✔).
People with hyperglycemia: 1,500 mg/day (3^✔)

Hyponatremia (sodium deficiency)

Hyponatremia is a medical condition caused due to the low sodium level in blood usually below 135 mEq/L (mmol/L). Sodium helps maintain blood pressure and proper functioning of body tissues like nerves and muscles. Some of the causes of hyponatremia include diarrhea, kidney disease, sweating and vomiting. Patients with mild hyponatremia (129 and 134 mEq/L or mmol/L) may experience symptoms like weakness, dizziness, headache and nausea. Hyponatremia can be severe if the sodium level falls below 129 mEq/L or mmol/L causing seizures, coma and even death.
Hyponatremia is diagnosed by three tests- serum osmolality, urine osmolality, and urinary sodium concentration test (4^✔).

Hyponatremia Due to Hyperglycemia

Hyponatremia can be a consequence of hyperglycemia and it frequently appear in diabetic patients. The condition also poses a threat to health because it results to osmotic movements of water from cells in the body into the bloodstream thereby diluting sodium levels a condition known as pseudohyponatremia (5^✔).

When a patient has hyponatremia, the serum osmolality should be tested – if this is high, the hyponatremia is most likely caused by high glucose levels (hyperglycemia).

Sodium Correction Calculator will help to accurately assess true sodium levels in patients with hyperglycemia.

Corrected Sodium Calculation Formula:

Medindia's Corrected Sodium Calculator uses the authorized and widely accepted Sodium Correction equation to provide accurate sodium level corrections for patients with hyperglycemia. This ensures reliable results that align with standard medical guidelines for sodium imbalance management.

Corrected [Na]= Actual [Na] + 1.6 × [Glu]− 5.6mmolL (or 100mgdL ) / 5.6 (or 100) (6^✔)

Dietary Recommendations of Sodium

For patients managing both Hyponatremia Due to Hyperglycemia, a diet should include:

• Low-Sodium Options: Reduced sodium intake by 30% to manage hyperglycemia.
• Protein Sources
• Focus on whole grains and high-fiber foods to stabilize blood sugar (7^✔).

For individuals with hyponatremia, the diet should emphasize:

• Increased Sodium Intake: Add more salt to meals (unless contraindicated by kidney disease).
• Maintain proper hydration while monitoring fluid intake to prevent dilutional hyponatremia (8^✔).