India Lacks Psychiatrists to Address Mental Health Issues

As many as 15 centers of excellence in mental health have been funded to address the shortage of mental health professionals nationwide.

Nearly 60 million Indians suffer from mental disorders, even as the country lags the world in medical professionals and spending on mental-health issues.

About 10-20 million Indians (1-2 percent of the population) suffered from severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and nearly 50 million (5 percent of population) suffered from common mental disorders like depression and anxiety at the end of 2005, Health and Family Welfare Minister J.P. Nadda informed the Lok Sabha (lower house of Parliament) in May 2016, quoting data from the National Commission on Macroeconomics and Health, 2005, the last report available.

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‘India is short of 66,200 psychiatrists to address mental issues. According to the World Health Organization, there are only three psychiatrists per million people.’

India spends 0.06 percent of its health budget on mental healthcare. This is less than Bangladesh (0.44 percent). Most developed nations spend four percent of their budgets on mental health research, infrastructure, frameworks and talent pool, according to a 2011 World Health Organization (WHO) report.

The government has commissioned a national mental health survey through the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, to estimate the number of mental patients and utilization patterns of mental health services.

Started on June 1, 2015, the study interviewed 27,000 respondents by April 5, 2016, according to a reply in the Lok Sabha from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.

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India is short of health professionals to address mental issues, particularly at the district and sub-district level.

There are 3,800 psychiatrists, 898 clinical psychologists, 850 psychiatric social workers and 1,500 psychiatric nurses nationwide, according to a reply by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in the Lok Sabha in December 2015.

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This means there were three psychiatrists per million people, according to data from WHO, 18 times fewer than the Commonwealth norm of 5.6 psychiatrists per 100,000 people.

By this estimate, India is short of 66,200 psychiatrists. Similarly, based on the global average of 21.7 psychiatric nurses per 100,000 people, India needs 269,750 nurses.

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The Mental Health Care Bill, 2013, which provides for protection and promotion of rights of persons with mental illness during the delivery of health care in institutions and the community, was passed unanimously by a voice vote in the Rajya Sabha (upper house of Parliament) on August 8, 2016.

The new Bill has increased the funding to centers of excellence in mental health, from Rs 30 crore to Rs 33.70 crore per center.

As many as 15 centers of excellence in mental health and 35 post-graduate training departments in mental health specialties have been funded to address the shortage of mental health professionals nationwide.

Source-IANS