Excess Iron In The Brain May Lead To Parkinson’s Disease

An impairment in the lysosome allows excess iron to escape into the neurons where it causes toxic oxidative stress and could lead to Parkinson’s disease.

It is a well-known fact that accumulation of excess iron in the brain is linked to Parkinson’s disease and other neurodegenerative disease. Researchers have now unveiled the mechanism by which the iron damages neurons involved in the incurable neurodegenerative condition that affects motor function.

The damage stems from an impairment in the lysosome, the organelle that acts as a cellular recycling center for damaged proteins, the study said.

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‘A mutation in a lysosomal gene (ATP13A2) results in the toxic release of iron into the cell resulting in neuronal cell death, which is linked to Parkinson’s disease. ’

This impairment allows excess iron to escape into the neurons where it causes toxic oxidative stress, the researchers explained.

"It's recently been realized that one of the most important functions of the lysosome is to store iron in a place in the cell where it is not accessible to participate in toxic oxidative stress-producing reactions," said Julie Andersen from Buck Institute for Research on Aging in California, US.

"Now we have demonstrated that a mutation in a lysosomal gene results in the toxic release of iron into the cell resulting in neuronal cell death," Andersen noted.

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The research was published online in The Journal of Neuroscience.

The work involved a mutation in a gene (ATP13A2) associated with a rare form of Parkinson's disease called Kufor-Rakeb syndrome.

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When researchers knocked out the gene, the lysosome was unable to maintain the balance of iron within the cell.

The study could provide researchers specific target to selectively impact iron toxicity within the affected neurons.

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Source-IANS