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First Aid and Emergency Treatment Guide for Anaphylaxis

Last Updated on Jun 13, 2013
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What is Anaphylaxis?

  • Severe, life- threatening allergic reaction
  • Occurs as a reaction to an allergen
  • Anaphylaxis releases various chemicals in body
  • Reactions occur in secs / mins of exposure
  • Occurs in 30 per 100,000 individuals per year
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Causes

  • Food like nuts, milk, eggs, fish
  • Insect sting
  • Latex
  • Vaccines
  • Medications like antibiotics, anesthetics
  • Some tropical insects, plants, animals
  • Unknown causes

What happens?

  • On first exposure-allergen specific antibody, Ig-E, produced
  • On re-exposure, Ig-E triggers immune response
  • This immune response is anaphylaxis
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Symptoms

  • Tingling / warm sensation
  • Itchiness / Rash
  • Swelling of areas around mouth / throat
  • Restricted air-ways
  • Reduced oxygen level in brain
  • Signs of asthma
  • Vomiting
  • Cramps
  • Diarrhea
  • Fluid-filled lungs
  • Low blood pressure
  • Palpitations / feeling faint
  • Loss of consciousness
Signs of Asthma

Who is at risk? 

  • Those with history of food allergy
  • Those with family history of allergies
  • Those who have experienced prior attack
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Treatment

  • If nauseated, lie down on the side
  • If feeling faint, lie down, legs raised
  • In case of breathing difficulty, sit up
  • First time patients should be hospital treated 
  • Epinephrine injections – effective treatment 
  • Continuous monitoring mandatory
  • Severity/ response / prior episodes determine treatment
Hospital Treated

Prevention

  • Avoid allergens as far as possible
  • Those at risk should carry adrenalin auto-injector
  • Inform school authorities, if children at risk
  • Children should wear food allergy badges
  • Emergency protocols necessary in schools/ work place
  • Educating the public is vital
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Comments

hiralsiddh, India

please more information get me because my son has that shock
his age is 9 years

........., Kuwait

what first aid should be given if there is an ultra violat attack

Sujin555, India

This is very useful in getting information about medical treatments

olusanya, Kenya

it is a very good way of learning. more information should be given about medical treatment

gebagn_ahun, Ethiopia

This is the best information for our day to day work out esecialy for health workers,which is that happen what will sudden condition.....Tamirat from Ethiopia.

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