Research may Reveal What Happens in Female Brains During Mating

In the Current Biology study, researchers have found that a small group of neurons in the abdominal nerve cord and reproductive tract—called Abdominal-B neurons—is necessary for the female to pause her movement and interact with a courting male.

The study was led by Dr. Leslie Vosshall of The Rockefeller University in New York City and her team. When the neurons are inactivated, the female ignores the male and keeps moving, but when the neurons are activated, the female spontaneously pauses. "Sexual courtship is a duet—the male and female send signals back and forth until they reach the point that copulation proceeds," says Dr. Jennifer Bussell, the lead author of the study. "Pausing to interact with a male, rather than avoiding him, is a crucial step in any female's behavior leading to copulation. Tying a group of neurons to this particular response to males will allow us to dissect in detail how female mating circuitry functions."

Brain Circuit That Drives Daily Cycles of Rest and Activity Identified in Fruit Fly Study

A circuit in the brain of fruit flies that controls their daily, rhythmic behaviour of rest and activity has been described in Cell by Amita Sehgal.

In another Neuron paper, researchers studied the effects of a small protein called sex peptide that is transferred along with sperm from males to females and is detected by sensory neurons in the uterus. Sex peptide changes the female's behavior so that she is reluctant to mate again for about10 days. The investigators traced the neuronal pathway that is modulated when the uterus's sensory neurons detect sex peptide.

"Thanks to our work, we think the sex peptide signal goes to a region of the fly's brain that is the homolog of the hypothalamus, which has been know for many years to be central in controlling sexual receptivity in vertebrates," explains co-lead author Dr. Mark Palfreyman of the Research Institute of Molecular Pathology in Vienna, Austria. This region of the brain links the nervous system to the endocrine, or hormonal, system. "Of course, these models will still need to be tested and our work only provides an initial glimpse, but our study opens the possibility that analogous neuroendocrine systems control sexual receptivity from flies to vertebrates," adds senior author Dr. Barry Dickson, who was also a co-author on the Current Biology paper published by Dr. Vosshall.

Source: Eurekalert

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