Not All Women Get Appropriate Care for Cervical Cancer

Women with cervical cancer whose treatment follows national guidelines for care have better survival, regardless of race, ethnicity or stage of cancer.

Cervical cancer tends to be diagnosed in younger women and more often in women facing socioeconomic issues. These factors could influence a patient's likelihood to finish treatment.

The National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines recommend radiation along with chemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer.

Cervical Cancer - Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Complications & Prevention
Cancer cervix refers to cancerous growth in the cervix and usually occurs in the transition called squamo-columnar junction.

‘Black, Hispanic women are less likely to receive guideline-based care, especially at high-volume hospitals.’

Women with locally advanced cervical cancer whose treatment follows national guidelines for care have better survival, regardless of race, ethnicity or stage of cancer. But fewer than three out of five women received guideline-based care.

For black and Hispanic women, it's just over half, a new study finds. And that could help explain why cervical cancer outcomes tend to be worse for these women.

Researchers looked at records from 16,195 patients treated between 2004 and 2012 for locally advanced cervical cancer. Patient information was reported to the National Cancer Database, which represents 96% of the cervical cancer cases in the United States.

Pap smear and Cervical Cancer Screening
Pap smear is the most common test used in screening cervical cancer caused by an infection with human papilloma virus. Pap smear should be repeated every 1 to 3 years till the age of 65 years.

To determine whether patients received care in line with national guidelines, the team looked at who received radiation therapy. Overall, 57% of patients received guideline-based care. But those rates varied based on race, from 58% in white women to 53% in black women and 51% in Hispanic women.

What might be most surprising is that a larger gap in guideline-based care was seen among patients treated at centers that saw a large volume of cervical cancer patients, compared to low-volume hospitals.

Study Finds Men at Equal Risk of Cervical Cancer
Did you think vaccination against cervical cancer is what only women need to deliberate upon? You are wrong.

"It's a common misconception," says study author Shitanshu Uppal, MBBS, assistant professor of obstetrics and gynecology at Michigan Medicine. Research looking at surgical outcomes suggests high-volume centers help reduce disparities. But treatment recommendations don't necessarily improve with practice.

"It's clear that the more surgeries you do, the better you get. But the 'more is better' mantra may not apply to guideline-concordant care," he says. "These are facilities that know what to do and they're doing it. But they're not doing it consistently across all populations."

Cervical Cancer Screening Every 3 Years
Healthy women over the age of 30 who test negative for human papillomaviruses (HPV) results can safely wait for three years until their next set of gynecological exams, says study.

Over the time period, guideline-based care increased across all populations, but black and Hispanic patients still were less likely than white patients to receive care consistent with guidelines.

"Overall, it's better for everyone. We're closing the gap, but there's still a gap. Even in 2012, we see a 5 percentage-point gap in guideline-based therapy," Uppal says.

The study, published in Obstetrics & Gynecology, did not address reasons why patients might not have received guideline-based care. The researchers plan to interview individual patients to better understand the reasons for this disparity, and why there might be barriers to some patients getting treatment.

Not that care will ever be 100% aligned with guidelines - there are too many complicated factors for each individual patient. But Uppal expects rates around 75% would be a reasonable goal. That's comparable to other types of cancer.

"Understanding the 'why' behind our findings is important - not just for minority populations but for all. We can do better," Uppal says.

Source-Eurekalert