Marijuana Dependence in Childhood Abuse Victims is Influenced by Genes

The prevalence of marijuana abuse and cannabis dependence disorders has been on the rise among adults and adolescents in the United States. Dependence on marijuana refers to a condition where the person needs to use marijuana just to feel 'normal'. It has long been known that childhood adversity is associated with the development of cannabis dependence. A new study has revealed that genetic variation may explain why some survivors of childhood adversity go on to become dependent on marijuana, while others are able to use marijuana without problems. Senior author of the study Ryan Bogdan, assistant professor at Washington University in St. Louis, said, "We have long known that childhood adversity, and in particular sexual abuse, is associated with the development of cannabis dependence. However, we understand very little about the individual difference factors that leave individuals vulnerable or resilient to these effects."

Lead author Caitlin Carey, doctoral student working with Bogdan, said, "In this study, we investigated whether variation in genes within the endocannabinoid system may be particularly important in setting the stage for cannabis dependence, especially in the context of childhood trauma."

In phase one of the study, researchers examined genetic data from 1,558 Australian marijuana users who self-reported various types of sexual abuse as children. Of the endocannabinoid variants examined, a single variant within the monoacylglycerol lipase (MGLL) gene demonstrated a significant interaction with childhood sexual abuse and later cannabis dependence. The findings were replicated in the second phase of the study involving data from 859 American participants.

The findings will be published in the Journal of Abnormal Psychology.

Source-IANS