Air Pollution Responsible for 30% Premature Deaths in India

The sustainable management of the environment and natural resources is vital for economic growth and human wellbeing. Highlighting major links between environment and health, a study revealed that lifestyle diseases like obesity, mental health, cancer and heart diseases to count a few, as the major killers in India.

Revealing the links of air pollution with mental diseases, a report by Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) stated that air pollution is responsible for 30 percent of premature deaths in India while every third child in Delhi has impaired lungs.

Air Pollution Has Negative Effects on Mental Health
As the amount of fine particulate matter in the air increases, so do levels of psychological distress, says study.

‘India will not be able to curb lifestyle or non-communicable diseases (NCDs), unless environmental risk factors are acknowledged and dealt with.’

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"Over 61 percent of total deaths in India were attributed to lifestyle or non-communicable diseases (NCDs). More than 1.73 million new cancer cases likely to be recorded each year by 2020, air pollution, tobacco, alcohol and diet change are primary triggers," said the report "Body Burden" released by CSE.

"Air pollution causes 30 percent of all premature deaths in the country; linkages with mental diseases revealed in the study," the report added. It further pointed out that every 12th Indian is a diabetic.

"India ranks second in the list of countries with highest diabetes patients," the report stated. The report establishes that unless environmental risk factors are acknowledged and dealt with, India will not be able to curb NCDs.

Air Pollution Classified as Carcinogenic to Humans
The air we breathe is laced with cancer-causing substances and is being officially classified as carcinogenic to humans.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there are four major risk factors for NCDs -- alcohol, tobacco, poor diet intake and lack of physical activity, which the WHO claims could be dramatically reduced by investing just USD 1-3 per year per person.

The CSE report, however, confronts the WHO estimation, asserting that much more investment would be required for India.

Severity of Air Pollution Not Specific to Delhi Alone
Land, air, and water are all affected by pollution. A study has pointed out that air pollution is neither Delhi-specific or limited to winter alone.

"We believe the cost is going to be much higher considering that risk factors in India are many more than the four identified by the global body," said Sunita Narain, director general, CSE and member Supreme Court-appointed Environment Pollution Control Authority (EPCA).

Explaining the reasons behind this, Narain said that the identified risk factors -- alcohol, tobacco, poor diet, and lack of physical activity -- have multiple targets and can cause diseases which are not generally linked to them.

Air Pollution Linked to Osteoporosis-Related Bone Fractures
Health risks of air pollution have now extended from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, to cancer, and impaired cognition, and now osteoporosis.

"For example, exposure to pesticides is known to cause cancer, but new data is emerging to link it to diabetes as well," she says.

Similarly, air pollution is known to cause Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD), but there is little understanding on how this can adversely affect mental health.

"Targeting environmental risk factors is essential if we want to meet the Sustainable Development Goal 3.4, which mandates a one-third reduction in premature deaths due to lifestyle diseases by 2030," says Vibha Varshney, the lead writer of the report that highlights linkages of pollution to mental health.

Source-IANS