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Support Cells Help Tumors to Form Metastases
The new study from Massachusetts General Hospial (MGH) Cancer Center researchers finds that circulating tumor cells prepare this environment by bringing along from their original site noncancerous cells that assists in the tumor growth. The report has been published online in PNAS Early Edition.
"It has been known for some time that noncancerous stromal cells which provide a support structure for tissues and organs contribute to the growth of primary tumors, providing the 'soil' in which tumors can grow," says Dan Duda, PhD, DMD, of the Steele Laboratory for Tumor Biology in the MGH Department of Radiation Oncology, lead author of the report. "Our study shows that this primary soil also helps the initial growth of tumor seeds in a 'foreign' soil. This new role for these noncancerous cells is both a conceptual advance and offers potential new targets for treating or preventing metastatic disease."
Several previous studies by members of the MGH team and others have found clumps containing both tumor cells and stromal cells in blood and lymphatic vessels of cancer patients and have shown that these "passenger" stromal cells will proliferate along with the tumor cells if implanted at a new site. The current investigation was designed to determine whether primary tumors release fragments containing both tumor and stromal cells, whether those stromal cells survive and contribute to the development of metastases, and whether depletion of stromal cells could interfere with metastatic growth.
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