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Stem Cell Therapies for Heart Disease Come Closer to Reality
The study from the University of Bristol has brought stem cell therapies for heart disease one step closer.
Led by Dr Nicolle Krankel, the researchers have discovered how our bodies initiate DIY rescue and repair mechanisms when blood supply is inadequate, for example in diabetic limbs or in the heart muscle during heart attack.
Usually healthy people experience reduced oxygen supply in certain situations, like, after an injury. The affected tissues release chemical messengers that 'call' to a type of circulating stem cells (EPCs) for help to re-establish blood supply via the growth of new blood vessels.
Now, the researchers have found that kinins, believed to be inflammatory substances, are among the messengers supporting blood vessel growth.
In the study, the researchers found that EPCs respond to kinins by travelling to the target tissue and invading it to assist healing.
In patients with angina, EPCs cannot respond to the distress call because they lack a kinin sensor (the 'kinin receptor') on their surface. The oxygen-starved tissue is therefore left with reduced blood supply.
However, in heart attack patients they saw that a proportion of the circulating EPCs were able to sense the kinin signal and respond.
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