Risks of Excess 'Good' Cholesterol on Brain Health

Highlights:

Researchers have discovered a surprising link between high levels of ‘good cholesterol’ (HDL-C) and an increased risk of dementia in older individuals
The study revealed that very high HDL-C levels were associated with a 27% higher risk of dementia //
These findings suggest a need for re-evaluating HDL-C level guidelines, emphasizing the importance of maintaining cholesterol levels within a specific range

In a surprising revelation, researchers have unearthed a link between elevated levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), commonly known as "good cholesterol," and an amplified risk of dementia in older individuals. This discovery challenges the longstanding belief that higher HDL-C levels are universally beneficial for cardiovascular health ().

High Cholesterol
High cholesterol level in blood are a risk for heart disease and stroke. They get deposited in the wall of the arteries and clog the circulation posing a threat to life.

‘Very high HDL-C levels were linked to a 27% increased risk of dementia, according to the study, especially in people 75 years of age and older. #hdlc #dementia #medindia’

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Understanding the Cholesterol Puzzle

HDL-C is a component of the cholesterol profile in our bodies, distinct from its counterpart, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), often considered harmful. Unlike LDL, HDL-C is generally associated with a decreased risk of heart disease. Its primary function involves transporting cholesterol from various body parts back to the liver, facilitating its removal.

The research focused on participants from the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) trial, specifically targeting older individuals without prior cardiovascular diseases or severe chronic conditions. Initially, these participants, hailing from Australia and the U.S., were cognitively healthy. Regular health check-ups, including HDL-C level measurements and dementia assessments, formed a crucial part of the study.

Key Takeaways of Study

Traditionally, HDL-C, labeled as "good cholesterol," was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. The results showed a substantial association between very high HDL-C levels and increased dementia risk, especially in those aged 75 and older. The study challenges the conventional wisdom that higher HDL-C levels are universally advantageous. This suggests a need for a reevaluation of HDL-C level guidelines, particularly for older adults.

The study revealed that participants with exceedingly high levels of good cholesterol (over 80 mg/dL) faced a 27% higher risk of developing dementia compared to those with moderate HDL-C levels.

This association was more pronounced in individuals aged 75 and above. Notably, the study observed a nearly linear increase in dementia risk with rising HDL-C levels.

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Challenging Conventional Wisdom

These findings challenge the traditional belief that higher HDL-C levels are universally beneficial. While moderate amounts of good cholesterol are advantageous, very high levels seem to have a detrimental impact, especially concerning cognitive health.

The reasons behind this unexpected association remain unclear. Speculations suggest that at exceptionally high levels, HDL-C might undergo structural changes, affecting its function and potentially leading to health issues, including dementia. However, further research is imperative to unravel the underlying mechanisms.

Dr. Monira Hussain, the first author and senior research fellow at Monash University School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, emphasizes the need for additional research to comprehend the role of very high HDL cholesterol in brain health. She suggests considering these levels in prediction algorithms for dementia risk.

Published in The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific, these findings hold significant implications. They suggest that maintaining HDL-C levels within a specific range might be more beneficial, especially for older adults. Furthermore, they underscore the necessity for more nuanced guidelines in cholesterol management.

Low HDL Cholesterol Levels Major Risk for Young-Age Heart Attack
Heart attacks in younger persons more likely to be associated with low HDL or good cholesterol levels rather than high bad or LDL cholesterol levels.

Holistic Approaches to Cardiovascular Health

In light of these findings, the importance of balanced cholesterol levels becomes even more evident. While HDL-C is essential, moderation appears to be key. The study prompts a reevaluation of our understanding of cholesterol and its impact on overall health.

In addition to medical considerations, lifestyle choices play a crucial role. Incorporating key sources of "good cholesterol" into the diet, such as fatty fish, olive oil, nuts and seeds, avocados, whole grains, and legumes, can contribute to a heart-healthy lifestyle. Regular exercise, quitting smoking, and maintaining a healthy weight are also vital components of this holistic approach.

As the medical community grapples with these unexpected findings, individuals are encouraged to stay informed about evolving health guidelines and to make informed choices for their well-being. The journey to understanding cholesterol and its intricate role in health continues, shaping the future of cardiovascular health recommendations.

Reference:

Why too much ‘good’ cholesterol could be pretty bad for your brain - (https://studyfinds.org/good-cholesterol-hdl-dementia/)

Source-Medindia