Regular Exercise in Adolescence and Midlife Prevents Muscle Loss As We Age

Researchers investigated whether the habit of exercising and being physically active not only during older ages but also during adolescence lowered the risk of sarcopenia as people age. The findings of the investigation were published in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia, and Muscle. Muscle function usually improves during adolescence and deteriorates with age. Sarcopenia is one such type of muscle weakening, caused mainly by the natural aging process. Compared to other ethnicities, Asians are more likely to develop sarcopenia as they grow older.

Highlighting the Benefits of Exercising on the Risk of Sarcopenia

The condition significantly impacts their quality of life, and thus, it is crucial to have strategies that prevent its onset. By establishing the association between sarcopenia and exercise, researchers think they might move one step closer to reducing risk factors of sarcopenia in older Japanese adults.

They assessed the exercise habits of 1,607 community-dwelling Japanese adults comprising 679 males and 928 females aged 65–84, as part of the “Bunkyo Health Study”. The participants underwent a complete health examination, including measurements of skeletal muscle index, handgrip strength, and gait speed.

They were further divided into four groups based on their exercise habits in adolescence and older age: no exercise in either period, exercise only in adolescence, exercise only in older age, and exercise in both periods.

Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for the prevalence of sarcopenia in each group. Low muscle performance was defined as low muscle strength and/or low gait speed.

Of the total participants, 6.6% of the men and 1.7% of the women had sarcopenia. Low muscle mass was prevalent in 14.3% of the men and 5.2% of the women, while low muscle performance was recorded in 25.6% of the men and 19.6% of the women.

In men, the ORs for sarcopenia, low muscle mass, and low muscle performance were significantly lower in the group that exercised during adolescence and older age. In contrast, in women, the OR for low muscle performance was significantly lower in those who exercised during their adolescence and older age.

It’s Time to Push More Young People in Japan Toward Healthier Lifestyle

The findings indicated that older men who exercised in their adolescence and older age were at a lower risk of sarcopenia and had better muscle mass and muscle performance. In contrast, older women with exercise habits during these phases of their lives were at a lower risk of poor muscle performance.

Hence, researchers would like to emphasize that exercising not only during old age but also during adolescence, i.e., junior and high school, may influence the maintenance of skeletal muscle function in old age.

It is concerning that in Japan, the rate of exercise implementation is highest during junior high school and then rapidly decreases with age.

By creating the awareness that inculcating the habit of exercising during adolescence, people can prevent several problems in their older ages and may improve the quality of life of older adults by maintaining their skeletal muscle function.



Source-Eurekalert