The later sunset and extended daylight exposure in spring has been held responsible for teenagers delaying their bedtimes in this season, researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute's Lighting Research Center (LRC) believe.
"Biologically, this increased exposure to early evening light in the spring delays the onset of nocturnal melatonin, a hormone that indicates to the body when it's nighttime. This extended exposure adds to the difficulties teens have falling asleep at a reasonable hour," explained Dr. Mariana Figueiro, associate professor.
Over time when coupled with having to rise early for school, this delay in sleep onset may lead to teen sleep deprivation and mood changes, and increase risk of obesity and perhaps under-performance in school, according to Figueiro.
"This is a double-barreled problem for teenagers and their parents. In addition to the exposure to more evening daylight, many teens also contend with not getting enough morning light to stimulate the body's biological system, also delaying teens' bedtimes," said Figueiro.
The new findings detail the impact of early evening light in spring on melatonin onset and sleep times.
The study by Figueiro and LRC Director Dr. Mark Rea, found that 16 eighth-grade students from Algonquin Middle School in upstate New York experienced a delay in melatonin onset by an average of 20 minutes measured in one day in spring relative to one day in winter.
Melatonin levels normally start rising two to three hours prior to a person falling asleep.