Researchers at the University of Toronto Mississauga have devised a way to split up a dangerous pair of cancer proteins meaning that chemotherapy that is more effective and has fewer side effects may be around the corner.
The breakthrough work was carried out in collaboration with researchers at the University of Central Florida and the Princess Margaret Hospital.
The researchers have created several molecules that inhibit Stat3, a protein that pairs with another copy of itself in cancer cells, and goes haywire.
"The molecules we have created are particularly nice because they're showing selectivity against cancer cells but not against healthy cells. This molecule could be used in conjunction with typical chemotherapeutics, and it could mean that drugs will have less resistance-so you could use lower dosages and cause fewer side effects," says senior study author Professor Patrick Gunning, of the Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences at the University of Toronto Mississauga.
The Stat3 protein is involved in almost all cancers, and is known to contribute to the resistance of cancer cells to current drug therapies.
"Most currently available therapeutics aim to induce cell death. We wanted to make small molecules that could try and stop this protein," says Gunning.