Rare Respiratory Disease Causes Paralysis in Children in the US

US doctors fear that there might be a link to a nationwide outbreak of a usually rare respiratory virus after the reported 12 cases of muscle weakness or paralysis among children in Colorado.

The virus, EV-D68, is a so-called non-polio //enterovirus. Some viruses in this group have been found in a small number of people to cause meningitis, encephalitis or paralysis, as well as infection of the heart muscle or the sac surrounding it.

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Respiratory diseases affect any part of the respiratory system. Some of the lung diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can lead to respiratory failure.

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website gives the figure of mild to severe respiratory illness cases as of January 15 to be 1153.

The physicians have examined 12 cases of sick youngsters over a three-month period at the Children’s Hospital Colorado.

Roughly a week after falling ill with a fever and breathing difficulties, the 12 had varying degrees of muscle weakness in the arms and legs as well as facial paralysis or problems swallowing.

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SARS is a viral respiratory disease caused by SARS-associated coronavirus.

Eight of the 12 tested positive for enteroviruses or rhinoviruses, of which five were identified as EV-D68. Scans showed that 10 children had spinal cord lesions and brainstem lesions were seen in nine.

“Over the past four years, our hospital has seen a maximum of four similar cases in any three-month period where children lose the use of one or both arms or legs. These 12 cases are three times that,” said Samuel Dominguez, a microbial epidemiologist.

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"The extent to which this new distinctive neurological disease has spread is unknown, but it does not appear to be isolated to Colorado or the USA," Dominguez said in a statement.

“EV-D68 will be added to the list of non-poliovirus enteroviruses capable of causing severe, potentially irreversible neurologic damage, and finding effective antiviral therapies and vaccines will be a priority”, Dominguez said.

Exposure comes from close contact with an infected person, through sneezes, coughing and shaking hands with them or touching surfaces that have the virus on it. There is currently no vaccine or targeted treatment.

Source-Medindia