Rice University chemists have created a polymer-coated version of gold-platinum nanorods that can be used in the organic solvents favoured by chemical and drug manufacturers.
This work attains significance because, to date, chemists have struggled to create nanoparticles combining platinum and gold-which act as super-efficient catalysts-in an industrially useful form.
Catalysts are compounds that speed up or slow down chemical reactions without being consumed by them. The chemical and drug industries spend billions of dollars each year for catalysts that are needed to process drugs and other high-value chemicals.
"There are some industrial reactions where drugmakers have no choice but to use platinum and palladium catalysts, but the majority of these are homogenous, which means they mix readily with reactants and are very difficult to remove," said lead researcher Eugene Zubarev, associate professor in chemistry at Rice.
"Because these heavy metals are toxic, they must be completely removed from the drug after its synthesis is completed. However, the removal of homogeneous catalysts is very time-consuming and expensive, which creates a big problem for pharmaceutical companies," Zubarev added.