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Cancer may Be Detected Early by Sugar Molecules
The researchers have revealed that they do so by looking at the structures of specific sugar molecules, which are attached either to proteins made by cancerous cells or to proteins involved in the host response.
Professor Pauline Rudd, who led the project, believes that this work may allow scientists to device new ways to monitor disease progression and response to therapy more accurately than is currently possible.
She points out that cancer cells not only have different sets of proteins from normal human cells, but that their proteins have changes in the types and numbers of sugar molecules that are attached to them.
According to her, being able to detect such changes holds the key to developing a new approach for diagnosing cancer.
"We have found that there are alterations in sugars attached to proteins in blood serum from all cancers we have looked at, and some of these appear to be early markers of the disease processes. What is more, we have been able to isolate several sugar-linked variants of particular proteins which are associated with different types of cancer, including prostate, pancreatic and ovarian and breast cancers," she says.
"In the long term, we envisage that by finding more specific sugar variants, we will be able to use combinations of these as biomarkers to allow very accurate early diagnosis of particular cancers," she adds.
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