Causes / Risk Factors
Kidney stones are formed for the following reasons-
- Low urine volume due to reduced fluid intake and increased concentration of stone-forming minerals in the urine due to dehyderation.
- Block or obstruction that prevents the free flow of urine
- Infection, leading to infective stones ( struvite stones)
Certain medical conditions, such as gout, hypercalciuria, hyperparathyroidism, cystinuria, inflammatory bowel disorder (Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative Colitis), Certain Kidney diseases and hyperoxaluria also trigger stone formation.
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Conditions like diabetes and hypertension too puts an individual at a higher risk for stone formation.
Surgical procedures, such as intestinal bypass, bariatric bypass surgery for obesity and a few medications, such as antacids containing calcium, diuretics and certain drugs used for treating HIV predisposes an individual to kidney stones.
