Causes of Cluster Headache

The exact causes of cluster headaches are unknown. However, it is believed to originate from hypothalamus. Cluster headaches take place when a nerve pathway, called as trigeminal-autonomic reflex pathway is activated from the base of the brain. The activation of this trigeminal nerve takes place from the hypothalamus. Recent imaging studies have linked over-activation or stimulation of the hypothalamus to a cluster attack.

The trigeminal nerve is the chief facial nerve for sensations.

The activated trigeminal nerve causes the eye pain connected with cluster headaches. The trigeminal nerve in turn, stimulates a group of nerves to cause eye tearing & redness and nasal congestions linked to cluster attacks.

Cluster headaches are not caused by serious brain conditions like brain-tumor or aneurysm.

The cluster attacks might be triggered by-

Alcohol
Cigarette smoking
High altitudes (trekking, mountaineering or air travel)
Bright, flashy lights including sunlight
Over-exertion
Intense Heat (hot climate, kitchen heat or hot baths)
Foods high in nitrites (Eg: bacon or other preserved meats)
Certain medications
Cocaine

References:

Cluster headache - (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000786.htm)
Cluster Headache FAQs - (http://www.emedicinehealth.com/cluster_headache_faqs/article_em.htm)

Published on Feb 24, 2014

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Causes of Cluster Headache