3.
Does low-grade dysplasia need to be surgically treated?Low-grade dysplasia needs to be checked repeatedly with endoscopies, and only if it converts to high-grade dysplasia, it may need to be surgically treated.
4.
How does obesity worsen gastroesophageal reflux?Obesity increases stomach pressure and reduces lower esophageal pressure. Thus it tends to push back the acid from the stomach into the esophagus. In addition, it may also affect the movements of the esophagus.