Q: Which specialist should I consult for symptoms of hyperparathyroidism?
A: You may see the family physician, who may refer you to an endocrinologist for further tests and work-up. If surgery is necessary, consulting a surgeon experienced in performing parathyroid surgery is required.
Q: Are all parathyroid growths malignant?
A: Most parathyroid tumors are either adenomas or glands that have undergone hyperplasia. These are benign, but can be overactive and cause symptoms of hyperparathyroidism. They remain localized and surgical excision may be curative.
Rarely, the parathyroid growth may be cancerous. Cancers are responsible for less than 1% of hyperparathyroidism.
Q: What is done in parathyroid surgery?
A: Parathyroidectomy is the removal of one or more of parathyroid glands surgically. Success rates are high if done by an experienced surgeon. The surgery is done as a minimally invasive radio-guided parathyroid procedure (MIRP), or by using an endoscope, if only one gland has to be removed. The patient will be discharged on the same day.
If more than one gland has to be removed, the procedure takes longer and the hospital stay might be longer, with patient needing to stay overnight.
Q: Is parathyroid surgery safe?
A: Parathyroid surgery is usually a safe and effective procedure. Complications, though rare, are seen more often in traditional operations compared to MIRP or endoscopic surgery. There is a minimal chance that the nerves supplying the vocal cord will be damaged during the surgery, resulting in hoarseness of voice. It is also likely that calcium and vitamin D supplements need to be taken for many years following surgery.
Q: When will I be able to resume normal activities following surgery?
A: Many patients return to their work the week following surgery. Patients who have physically demanding jobs should take more time off from work. Heavy weights should not be lifted for at least 3 weeks after surgery.
Q: Is parathyroid surgery done as an emergency?
A: No. It can be scheduled at a convenient time and date. Very rarely, when calcium levels are very high, immediate surgery may be needed.
Q: Will the incision scar be long and unsightly?
A: The length of the incision is usually 1 to 2 inches long. However, the precise length and location of the incision may vary according to the procedure.
