Mr.Hockin Xu, of the ADAF and principal investigator for the project, states that the bone cells are very smart, as they can tell the difference between materials that are bioactive compared to bioinert polymers. He explains that the new material is designed to be similar to mineral in bone so that cells readily attach to the scaffold.
He explained that though the researchers used bone cells from mouse in their experiments, in practice the surgeons would use cells cultured from patient samples. The natural polymer beads help by not only creating pores in the hardened cement, they also protect the cells during the 30 minutes required for the cement to harden. They are planning to develop methods in future for improving the material's mechanical properties by using smaller encapsulating beads that biodegrade at a predictable rate.
NIST and the American Dental Association Foundation have conducted cooperative research on dental and medical materials since 1928. ADAF researchers focus on development of new dental materials, while NIST specializes in the development of improved technologies and methods for measuring materials properties.