People exposed to nicotine during their adolescence are likely to drink more alcohol than those who were not exposed to nicotine or were only exposed to it during adulthood.
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‘People exposed to nicotine during their adolescence are likely to drink more alcohol than those who were not exposed to nicotine or were only exposed to it during adulthood.’
In the study, reported in the journal Cell Reports, the team administered nicotine via daily injections to the animals during adolescence or adulthood, then measured alcohol self-administration after a delay, enabling the adolescent rats to reach adulthood. The rats exposed to adolescent nicotine pushed a lever to obtain a slightly sweetened alcohol drink more often for a greater daily intake of ethanol compared to rats that did not experience nicotine or rats or that only experienced nicotine during adulthood.
The researchers found that nicotine exposure altered the function of the normally inhibitory midbrain circuitry mediated by the neurotransmitter GABA in adolescent, not adult.
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By altering the midbrain "reward-mediating" circuitry of the brain, this shift in alcohol-induced GABA signalling led to a long-lasting enhancement of alcohol self-administration in rats that were given nicotine at a young age.
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Quiz on Alcohol
Alcohol consumption for recreation and relaxation has become a universal culture. But do you think you know enough about this drink – Take this quiz and find out.
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Specifically, these neurons less efficiently regulated chloride movement across the outer cell membrane, and this basic function altered alcohol's influence over the midbrain reward centre, the researchers explained.
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FDA to Cut Nicotine in Cigarettes to Minimum, Helping Smokers Kick Habit
FDA has decided to lower nicotine in combustible cigarettes to minimal or non-addictive levels. This move would help avoid millions of tobacco-related deaths across the country.
FDA has decided to lower nicotine in combustible cigarettes to minimal or non-addictive levels. This move would help avoid millions of tobacco-related deaths across the country.
