Researchers Question Efficiency of Whooping Cough Vaccine

Researchers in the US are questioning the method through which the United States protects her citizens against whooping cough

Researchers in the US are questioning the method through which the United States protects her citizens against whooping cough. The latter is a disease that has killed 11 babies and sickened thousands of people in a major outbreak in 2010.

The current vaccine known as DTaP, which is designed to protect against whooping cough but also tetanus and diphtheria, wanes greatly in efficiency in the five years following the fifth shot given to children as per recommendations from the Centers for Disease control, the study said.

Whooping Cough / Pertussis - Causes - Symptoms - Diagnosis - Treatment - Prevention
Whooping cough is a respiratory tract infection caused by a bacterium called Bordetella pertussis. DPT vaccine helps to prevent the infection.

It was carried out in California by the Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center and published in the online version of the New England Journal of Medicine.

The study period included a major whooping cough outbreak in California in 2010. It killed 11 newborns and more than 8,000 people fell ill. The disease is also known as pertussis.

In the United States, the CDC recommends children get five shots, starting at two months and with the last coming between the ages of four and six, right before they start school.

Cough - Symptom Evaluation - Frequently Asked Questions
Cough is a symptom of a condition usually affecting the respiratory tract. It may be acute or chronic, wet or dry. The type of cough can help the physician diagnose the underlying condition.

The research was the first to focus specifically on a large population of highly vaccinated children who had exclusively received DTaP vaccines since birth and for whom enough time had passed since their fifth dose that the vaccine waning could be assessed.

"The findings suggest that whooping cough control measures may need to be reconsidered. Prevention of future outbreaks may be best achieved by developing new pertussis-containing vaccines or reformulating current vaccines to provide long-lasting immunity," said Nicola Klein, lead author of the study.

Hib Vaccine - Types, Dosage Schedule, Contraindications and Side Effects
The Hib vaccine protects children against infections like meningitis and pneumonia that are caused by the Haemophilus influenzae type b bacterium.

In the study, researchers compared 277 children, aged four to 12 and who were positive for whooping cough, with 3,318 children who were negative for pertussis and separately with 6,086 matched controls.

They assessed the risk of pertussis in children from 2006 to 2011 in California relative to the time since the fifth dose of DTaP. The researchers found that protection from pertussis after the fifth dose of DTaP vaccine wanes more than 40 percent each year.

The amount of protection remaining after five years depends heavily on the initial effectiveness of the fifth dose of DTaP, according to Klein.

Source-AFP