Piperacillin-Tazobactam drug combination is not effective in bloodstream infections, finds a new study. This antibiotic drug combination was found to be significantly less effective than meropenem in treating bloodstream infections.

‘Piperacillin-tazobactam should not be used as definitive therapy for bloodstream infections as they are inferior to meropenem and should be avoided as 12.3 percent people treated with piperacillin-tazobactam died by the 30-day mark compared with3.7 percent who had been treated with meropenem.
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Researchers from the Centre of Clinical Research at the University of Queensland determined whether piperacillin-tazobactam, a penicillin-based combination therapy, was as effective for treating BSI as the commonly used antibiotic meropenem. Their hypothesis was that definitive therapy with piperacillin-tazobactam was non-inferior to meropenem.




While there was no difference between the two groups regarding subsequent infections of drug-resistant bacteria or C. difficile, the difference in mortality rate was significant. Twenty-three patients, or 12.3%, treated with piperacillin-tazobactam died by the 30-day mark compared with seven patients, or 3.7%, who had been treated with meropenem.
"The use of piperacillin-tazobactam as definitive therapy for bloodstream infections caused by E. coli or K. pneumoniae with non-susceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins was inferior to meropenem and should be avoided in this context," presenting author Dr. Patrick Harris concluded in his presentation.
During the last ten years, the rate of carbapenem resistance has been increasing exponentially worldwide. Researchers urgently need reliable data from well-designed trials to guide clinicians in the treatment of antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative infections. Physicians face a situation where meropenem, which is commonly used for bloodstream infection, is suspected of driving resistance to carbapenem, a highly effective antibiotic agent that is usually reserved for known or suspected difficult-to-treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections.
Bloodstream infections carry a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Such infections are common in the hospital setting, and they often are difficult to treat because K. pneumoniae and E. coli, the leading cause of BSIs, have developed resistance to cephalosporins, a class of antibiotics originally made from fungi.
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Harris's team examined the primary outcome for these patients, which was mortality at 30 days after the randomization. Randomisation occurred within 72 hours of the initial blood culture.
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Source-Eurekalert