Overgrowth of Bacteria in Gut Blamed For Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Bacterial overgrowth in the gut has been blamed for the cause of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), a new study finds.

This is the first study to use this "gold standard" method of connecting bacteria to the cause of the disease that affects an estimated number of 30 million people in the United States.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome – Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) causes recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort and a fluctuating disturbance in defecation. IBS is not life threatening.

Earlier studies have indicated that bacteria play a role in the disease, including breath tests detecting methane - a byproduct of bacterial fermentation in the gut. This study was the first to make the link using bacterial cultures.

Cedars-Sinai physician examined samples of patients' small bowel cultures to confirm the presence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth - or SIBO - in more than 320 subjects.

In patients with IBS, more than a third were also diagnosed with small intestine bacterial overgrowth, in comparison to fewer than 10 percent of those without the disorder.

Probiotics - Support System for the Gut
Probiotics are live microorganisms that resemble the “good bacteria” in our gut. Science is yet to fully explore the healing potential of probiotics; meanwhile some studies have ruled in their favor.

Out of those with diarrhea-predominant IBS, 60 percent also had bacterial overgrowth.

"While we found compelling evidence in the past that bacterial overgrowth is a contributing cause of IBS, making this link through bacterial cultures is the gold standard of diagnosis," said Mark Pimentel, MD, director of the Cedars-Sinai GI Motility Program and an author of the study.

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"This clear evidence of the role bacteria play in the disease underscores our clinical trial findings, which show that antibiotics are a successful treatment for IBS," he said.

Patients with IBS suffer symptoms that can include painful bloating, constipation, diarrhea or an alternating pattern of both.

Constipation - Symptom Evaluation
Constipation can occur due to a number of factors from faulty bowel habits, digestive tract problems, and generalized muscle conditions and systemic diseases.

Many of these patients try to avoid social interactions because they are embarrassed by their symptoms.

Pimentel has led clinical trials that have shown Rifaximin, a targeted antibiotic absorbed only in the gut, is an effective treatment for patients with IBS.

"In the past, treatments for IBS have always focused on trying to alleviate the symptoms," said Pimentel, who first bucked standard medical thought more than a decade ago when he suggested bacteria played a major role in the disease.

"Patients who take Rifaximin experience relief of their symptoms even after they stop taking the medication. This new study confirms what our findings with the antibiotic and our previous studies always led us to believe: Bacteria are key contributors to the cause of IBS," he said.

This study has been published in Digestive Diseases and Sciences.

Source-ANI