New Experimental Vaccine may Reduce Post-stroke Blood Clot Risk

The vaccine S100A9 may one day be able to replace oral blood thinners to reduce the risk of secondary strokes caused by blood clots, without increasing the risk of serious bleeding or triggering an autoimmune response.

An experimental vaccine tested in mice provided protection against blood clots for more than two months without increasing the risk of bleeding or causing an autoimmune response, revealed Japanese researchers. The new research has been published in //the American Heart Association's journal Hypertension.

People who have had a stroke caused by a blood clot (ischemic strokes) often need to take medications that make their blood less likely to clot, which helps prevent another stroke. The lack of an autoimmune response is important, because it means the mice's immune system did not perceive the vaccine as an "intruder" that needed to be attacked, which would have caused a reaction to the vaccine.

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Developing a vaccine to replace and/or compliment daily, oral medications might save many lives and help prevent both secondary strokes and possibly heart attacks, according to Nakagami. "Many stroke patients don't take their blood thinning drugs as prescribed, which makes it more likely they will have another stroke. This vaccine might one day help solve this issue since it would only need to be injected periodically," Nakagami said.

"We are continuing our research in hopes of being able to start clinical trials between five and ten years from now, but there are differences between mice and humans in how the vaccine will be recognized by the immune system," he said. "We should be able to overcome such problems and believe this vaccine provides a very promising strategy in secondary prevention of stroke."

Source-Eurekalert

Quiz on Bleeding Disorders
Bleeding disorder is a rare condition that impairs how the body regulates blood coagulation. In case of an injury, bleeding can occur in the organ internally or externally. Under normal circumstances, the blood vessels constrict to reduce the blood flow, and a clot is formed with the help of platelets and coagulation factors present in the blood. The clotting process is impaired in people with bleeding disorders ().

There are 10 questions on ‘Bleeding Disorders’ in this quiz that will explore the depth of your knowledge and provide answers to the following:

Life span of a red blood cell ()
Symptoms of Hemophilia ()
Hemophilia and Gender ()
Complications of Hemophilia ()
Diagnosis of bleeding disorders ()

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TOP INSIGHT

The vaccine, S100A9, inhibits blood clot formation and, during the study, protected the arteries of treated mice from forming new clots for more than two months, and additionally, worked as well as the oral blood thinner clopidogrel in a major artery.