Exercise Recommendations For Those With Spinal Cord Injuries

Highlights

The guidelines are specifically framed for those with spinal cord injuries.
The recommendations aim to improve fitness and cardiovascular health in these patients.
Improving fitness can enhance mobility and reduce the risk of obesity and weight gain.

Recommendations for physical activity suggested by the WHO for a healthy disease-free lifestyle focuses on healthy adults. Exercise recommendations for the injured, especially for those with spinal cord injuries are excluded.

UBC Okanagan researcher Kathleen Martin Ginis says while the recommendations were well-meaning, a particular group of people was excluded. "These guidelines were never specifically tailored for people with spinal cord injuries (SCI)," Martin Ginis says.

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‘Every week, adults with spinal cord injury should engage in aerobic exercise for 20 minutes at least twice and three sets of moderate strengthening exercise.’

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"Not only were people with SCI essentially excluded from the systematic review that came up with these specific physical activity guidelines, but the potential risks to the SCI population--including upper body over-use, skin breakdown, autonomic dysreflexia (sudden high blood pressure), and overheating--were not considered."

An international committee, led by Martin Ginis, has come up with exercise recommendations for the SCI population that will be presented at the International Spinal Cord Society Annual Scientific Meeting in Dublin, Ireland.

"These guidelines represent an important step toward international harmonization of exercise guidelines for adults with SCI," says Martin Ginis. "At the same time, they are a clear foundation for developing exercise policies and programs for people with SCI around the world."

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Exercise Guidelines For Spinal Cord Injuries

To improve fitness, adults with SCI should engage in at least 20 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity aerobic exercise two times week and three sets of moderate strengthening exercise for each major functional muscle groups two times per week.
To improve cardiometabolic health, at least 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity aerobic exercise is needed, three times per week.

"By applying these guidelines, people with SCI can expect to reach closer to normal health outcomes and lead full and meaningful lives. I am very proud of the work produced by Dr Martin Ginis and her dedicated team."

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Why Is Fitness Important?

Cardiometabolic illnesses or cardiovascular disease, diabetes and even obesity are among the leading causes of death in adults with SCI and addressing cardiometabolic health is extremely valuable.

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"These exercise guidelines have been systematically developed," says Martin Ginis. "And we are now able to say, that this specific dose of exercise is safe and can have significant fitness and cardiometabolic health benefits for adults with spinal cord injury."

The international team looked at more than 200 previously published studies; all of which examined the effects of exercise interventions (e.g., cardio, strength-training) on cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, bone health, body composition and cardiovascular risk factors for people with spinal cord injury. Stakeholder groups, people with SCI, and exercise scientists were also consulted.

"Because people with SCI face tremendous physical, psychosocial and environmental barriers to physical activity, they are less active and more physically deconditioned than the general population or even individuals with other types of disabilities," Martin Ginis says.

"Our goal is to improve fitness and cardiometabolic health and at the same time reduce morbidity to mortality rates."

Reference

Kathleen Martin Ginis et al., Specific Exercise Dosage For Those With Spinal Cord Injury, Spinal Cord (2017).

Source-Medindia