Adolescents have some of the lowest visitation rates to a primary care doctor for regular check-ups compared to all age groups in the US.
In the pediatric emergency room, health promotion advocates serve as a vital resource for young people experimenting with substances and linking them with necessary resources and treatment. This is according to a new study out of Boston Medical Center (BMC) and Boston University School of Public Health (BUSPH).
‘Health promotion advocates are trained in identifying health and safety needs, enhancing motivation for change and providing a menu of options and resources.’
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all adolescents be screened for substance use, emotional well-being, risk reduction and violence and injury prevention as part of their routine checkups with a pediatrician. However, adolescents have some of the lowest visitation rates to a primary care doctor for regular check-ups compared to all age groups in the US. As a result, many teens rely on emergency rooms for both urgent and non-urgent medical care. "We know that adolescence is a critical period for brain development and substance use experimentation puts teens at risk for injury and poor school performance," said Edward Bernstein, MD, emergency medicine physician and director of Project Assert at BMC who served as the study's senior author. "The pediatric emergency room presents a unique opportunity to discuss and promote prevention and link teens to treatment."
Health promotion advocates are trained in identifying health and safety needs, enhancing motivation for change and providing a menu of options and resources. Over four years, health promotion advocates screened 2,149 pediatric emergency room patients at BMC, aged 14 to 21 years old, for risky behaviors such as binge drinking, violence, unprotected sex, and drug use. Thirty-seven percent screened positive for drug or alcohol use, and of that group, 81 percent participated in an intervention that encouraged change.
Once teens screened positive, the advocates had conversations with them about the risks associated with substance use and referred them to a primary care physician or an array of substance use disorder treatment services, including outpatient counseling, community support programs and detox units.
"Our goal was to provide comprehensive, preventive services to at-risk teens in a way that could be integrated into the existing model of care," said Judith Bernstein, RNC, PhD, professor of community health sciences and emergency medicine at BUSPH and Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) who served as the study's corresponding author. "It was essential that the advocates look beyond the substance use and address the underlying behaviors of these teens in order to effectively and successfully promote a positive change."
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Source-Eurekalert