Diabetes Gene Responsible for Insulin Resistance Identified

A key gene that can cause defects in insulin secretion in people with Type-2 diabetes as well as in those with Down syndrome has been identified by a team of researchers.

Type-2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disease associated with obesity and insulin resistance due to pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction.

Diabetes Gene Common in Man and Mice
A pathological process that takes place in both mice and humans towards type 2 diabetes has been identified in a joint work by EPFL, ETH Zurich and CHUV.

‘Over expression of the gene RCAN1 is responsible for pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, resulting in insulin resistance among people with type 2 diabetes and down syndrome.’

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Many individuals with Down syndrome experience lower insulin secretion, mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress in the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas.

These same conditions also appear in people with Type 2 diabetes.

In experiments with mice, the researchers found that the over expression of the gene RCAN1 can cause these problems common in both the disorders.

Keyed, 'Jack Spratt' Diabetes Gene
Type 2 diabetes is commonly linked to obesity and a sedentary lifestyle. Nevertheless, similar to existence of obese people without type 2 diabetes, there are lean people with the disease.

The findings, detailed in the journal PLOS Genetics, suggest that this gene may be playing a lead role in development of Type-2 diabetes in the general population.

For the study, the team led by Damien Keating, professor at Flinders University in Australia, used four mouse models, two with high blood sugar and two without to identify genes duplicated in Down syndrome that contributed to problems with insulin secretion.

Genetic Risk Factor for Type 2 Diabetes in Latin American Populations Identified
A strong genetic risk factor for type 2 diabetes that primarily affects Latin American patients has been identified by a team of researchers in Mexico and the United States.

They narrowed down the list by comparing it to genes over expressed in beta cells from humans with Type-2 diabetes.

Protective Mutations for Type 2 Diabetes Highlighted in Study
Mutations in a gene that reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes have been identified by an international team of researchers.

Source-IANS