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Childhood Obesity Could Raise Multiple Sclerosis Risk

by Iswarya on Aug 26 2020 9:21 AM

Childhood Obesity Could Raise Multiple Sclerosis Risk
Childhood and teen obesity are projected to contribute up to 14 percent of the overall risk of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in 2035, finds a new study. The findings of the study are published in the International Journal of Epidemiology.//
Previous studies have estimated that 53 percent of MS risk is directly attributable to environmental factors and that up to one in five MS cases could be attributable to smoking. Smoking and high body mass index (BMI) are leading global drivers of many non-communicable diseases and cause significant premature morbidity and mortality.

The study, part-funded by Barts Charity and involving researchers from Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust and the University of Oxford, used published literature from the UK, USA, Russia, and Australia, to estimate and project the proportion of MS incidence that could be attributed to two modifiable risk factors: smoking, and childhood and adolescent high BMI.

The study, published in the International Journal of Epidemiology, found that, in 2015, approximately 10 percent of the population's risk of MS could be attributed to smoking, but that this will decrease in response to the drop in smoking rates. Conversely, the potential contribution of early life obesity to MS incidence is increasing, because an increasing proportion of the population in the countries studied are obese. Whilst the proportions vary between countries; the same patterns can be seen worldwide.

In 2015, early life high BMI was associated with a higher risk than smoking in the USA and Australia, and an equivalent level in the UK. The risk for high early-life BMI is highest in the USA (11 percent) and is estimated to increase to 14 percent by 2035. In the UK, high early-life BMI will account for 10 percent of the population risk of MS in 2035.

Corresponding author Dr. Ruth Dobson from the Queen Mary University of London said: "Our findings highlight the potential to reduce the incidence of MS worldwide with targeted public health strategies. It is not only cancer and heart disease that are influenced by smoking and obesity - shifting the focus to diseases with onset in early adulthood, such as MS, may resonate more with younger people whose lifestyle choices will have an impact on their risk of future illness."

A limitation of the study is that it is an observational analysis of data, and has not determined the probability of direct causation of smoking or high BMI on the incidence of MS.

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Source-Eurekalert


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