New Cancer Treatment Identified

Protein switch that instructs cancer cells to produce tiny chemotherapy factories has been developed by Johns Hopkins researchers. The researchers found that these switches, working from inside the cells, can activate a powerful cell-killing drug when the device detects a marker linked to cancer in lab tests.

The goal is to deploy a new type of weapon that causes cancer cells to self-destruct while sparing healthy tissue, said the scientists.

One key problem in fighting cancer is that broadly applied chemotherapy usually also harms healthy cells.

In the protein switch strategy, however, a doctor would instead administer a "prodrug," meaning an inactive form of a cancer-fighting drug.

Only when a cancer marker is present would the cellular switch turn this harmless prodrug into a potent form of chemotherapy.

"The switch in effect turns the cancer cell into a factory for producing the anti-cancer drug inside the cancer cell," said Marc Ostermeier, a Johns Hopkins chemical and biomolecular engineering professor in the Whiting School of Engineering, who supervised development of the switch.

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"The healthy cells will also receive the prodrug, and ideally it will remain in its non-toxic form. Our hope is that this strategy will kill more cancer cells while decreasing the unfortunate side effects on healthy cells," he added.

Although the switches have not yet been tested on human patients, and much more testing must be done, the researchers say they have taken a positive first step toward adding a novel weapon to the difficult task of treating cancer.

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The new cancer-fighting strategy was reported this week in the online early edition of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Source-ANI