By indicating when air conditioners are low on refrigerant and thereby preventing the units from working overtime, engineers hope, will be the new technique to save energy and cut servicing costs.
The new "virtual refrigerant charge sensor" is particularly practical for automotive air conditioners, which tend to leak refrigerant more than other types of units, and also for household central air conditioning units, according to James Braun, a professor of mechanical engineering, Purdue University.
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"Not only does the energy efficiency go down, but you also reduce the lifetime of the unit because it has to work harder, causing parts to wear out faster," Braun said.
"It's also very time consuming and costly to have a technician check the refrigerant and charge it up to specification. To accurately learn how much charge is in the system, you have to remove all of the refrigerant and weigh it, a procedure that requires a vacuum pump and is quite time consuming," he added.
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"The technique is easy to use because the sensors are simply attached to the outside of the tubing," Braun said.
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Purdue has applied for a patent on the technique, developed in research based at the university's Ray W. Herrick Laboratories.
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The four sensors are attached to tubing running into and out of components called heat exchangers.
In air conditioning and refrigeration systems, liquid refrigerant evaporates in a heat exchanger called an evaporator, cooling the air.
The refrigerant vapor turns back into a liquid in another heat exchanger called a condenser.
During these evaporation and condensing steps, the refrigerant undergoes dramatic temperature changes.
Automotive air conditioning units equipped with the new refrigerant-charge system could activate a warning light on a car's dashboard.
"Technicians servicing home air conditioners might simply plug a personal digital assistant into the unit to read the refrigerant-charge information," Braun said.
Source-ANI
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