E.N.T system

Parts of the Ear

• The ear structures are categorized into three major parts: the external ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear (1^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Parts of the Ear
  
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• The middle ear contains three auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes), which are the smallest bones in the human body (2^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Anatomy, Head and Neck, Ear Ossicles
  
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• The cochlea is a snail-shaped structure filled with fluid in the inner ear. It contains approximately 15,000 tiny hair cells (3^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Hair cells
  
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Sound and Hearing

• The human ear can detect sound wave frequencies ranging from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz (4^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  The Audible Spectrum
  
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• Fetal ears form around the 20th week of pregnancy and you can hear the sound during the last trimester of pregnancy (5^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Fetal hearing
  
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Ear Wax

• Ears are self-cleaning! Earwax (cerumen) acts as a protective barrier that traps foreign particles.
• The wax present inside the ear is made up of oil and sweat (6^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Ear Irrigation
  
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Eustachian Tube

• The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the throat, and it is responsible for balancing air pressure between the atmosphere and the middle ear (7^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Anatomy, Head and Neck, Ear Eustachian Tube
  
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Nose

• Humans can detect at least one trillion different odors (8^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Smell
  
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Gender Differences and Smell

• Women have a better sense of smell than men (9^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Sex Differences in Human Olfaction: A Meta-Analysis
  
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• During pregnancy, many women develop a stronger sense of smell (10^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Pregnancy and olfaction: a review
  
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Newborn’s Sense of Smell

• Newborns respond to both artificial and natural odors as early as their first day of life (11^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Clinical Usefulness of Maternal Odor in Newborns: Soothing and Feeding Preparatory Responses
  
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• Within 10 seconds of birth, the baby takes the first breath (12^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Changes in the newborn at birth
  
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Nasal Hairs

• Nasal hairs, also known as vibrissae, are found in the nostrils and help to filter inhaled particles and collect moisture (13^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Nose, Nasal Cavities, & Paranasal Sinuses
  
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Throat

• The throat serves as a pathway for air, food, and liquid.

Vocal Folds

• The larynx (voice box) is found between the base of the tongue and the top of the trachea, which is the pathway to the lungs (14^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Anatomy, Head and Neck: Larynx
  
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• The human voice is produced by the vibration of the vocal folds, which are two muscular bands located opposite each other in the larynx (15^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Mechanics of human voice production and control
  
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• When you are not speaking, your vocal folds remain open to allow you to breathe (16^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Taking Care of Your Voice
  
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Human Speech

• Over 100 different muscles work together to produce human speech (17^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Laryngeal Motor Cortex and Control of Speech in Human
  
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• Human speech and a bird's song have similar characterizations (18^✔ ✔Trusted Source
  Birdsong and human speech: common themes and mechanisms
  
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• Whispering causes more vocal cord strain and laryngeal trauma than normal speech.