Mechanisms of action, use, and adverse effects of drugs for treatment of disorders of the renal and urinary system 

• Diuretics, antidiuretic drugs
  

• Drugs and fluids used to treat volume, electrolyte, and acid-base disorders
  
  

• Drugs used to enhance renal perfusion (eg, dopamine)
  
  

• Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, immunosuppressive, and antineoplastic drugs
  
  

• Drugs used to treat lower urinary tract system (eg, incontinence, bladder function, benign prostatic hyperplasia)
  

Other therapeutic modalities (eg, dialysis, renal transplantation)