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Conn Syndrome / Primary Hyperaldosteronism

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Treatment and Prognosis

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Hypertension and hypokalemia should be controlled in a patient with Conn syndrome. In patients with a single benign tumor or adenoma, surgical removal (adrenalectomy) of the tumor mass is the method of treatment that can cure the condition. In patients with hyperplasia of both the adrenals, administration of drugs such as spironolactone or eplerenone can successfully block the effect of the excessively secreted aldosterone. The former drug can sometimes cause an increase in breast size in males. Both these drugs must be stopped prior to testing.

Prognosis is excellent if the condition is properly treated. Absence of treatment results in complications and even fatality.

Deaths associated with Conn syndrome are mostly due to hypokalemia (low blood potassium levels) and hypertension. The former, if severe, can lead to cardiac arrhythmias (abnormalities in heart rhythm), which can be fatal. Untreated hypertension too, can lead to many complications such as heart diseases, stroke or intracerebral hemorrhage.
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