There are two types of AMD. Dry or non-exudative AMD and Wet or exudative AMD. The dry type is the more prevalent form, the wet type constitutes only 10% but it is the predominant form of vision loss.
Dry AMD generally affects both the eyes. The patient usually complains of slight blurring of vision with difficulty in recognizing faces. Dry AMD occurs when there is breakdown of the light sensitive cells of the retina along with yellowish deposits under the retina called drusens. As the dry AMD progresses the central vision gradually deteriorates.
Wet AMD is also known as advanced AMD. Patients with wet AMD usually complain of seeing distorted images. Loss of vision occurs rapidly.
It occurs when abnormal blood vessels start to grow under the macula. Since these blood vessels are abnormal, they tend to be very fragile and often leak blood and fluid. The blood and fluid raise the macula from its normal place at the back of the eye and damages it rapidly.