After the consultation with a doctor, various investigations would be required to establish the diagnosis. The nature of the investigation required will vary from person to person depending on the history and physical examination. A few of the commonly done investigations are:

X-ray - The patient is exposed to X-ray radiation and information is obtained about the bones of the body. This test is very helpful and used to exclude other causes of pain in a particular joint. It also helps the doctor in deciding which form of treatment will be appropriate. 

Arthrocentesis - A sterile needle is introduced into the affected area and the fluid around the joint is removed for analysis. This analysis is useful in excluding gout, infection, and other causes of arthritis. Injection of medicines (corticosteroids) can also be taken up at the same time, which can help relieve pain, swelling, and inflammation.

Arthroscopy - It is a surgical technique whereby a doctor inserts a viewing tube into the joint space and the damage can be detected directly. If the damage is minimal, it can be repaired at the same time. The recovery from this procedure is very fast compared to open joint surgery.