Broadly we can divide the causes as follows:

A. Autoimmunity:  
When the body's immune system functions properly, it creates protein-like substances called

antibodies and immunoglobulins to protect the body against invading organisms. In an autoimmune disease, the immune system creates autoantibodies, which are antibodies or immunoglobulins that attack the body itself. Autoimmune diseases may be systemic and affect many parts of the body, or they may affect only specific organs or regions. 

B. Heredity:
  Sometimes this disease runs in families –
This kind often shows up in young men who may also have hearing loss and vision loss.

C. Infective :
Glomerular disease sometimes develops rapidly after an infection in other parts of the body. Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN),HIV etc. 

D. Sclerotic diseases:  
This means scarring of the glomeruli by various sysytemic and local causes. Example : Diabetes, Lupus disease etc.

E. Idiopathic: 
Cause of the disease is unknown.