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Medindia » First Aid » First Aid-Diabetes

Diabetes- First Aid and Emergency Treatment Guide

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Diabetes

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   What is Diabetes?
   Introduction
   Types
   Symptoms
   Diagnosis
   Treatment

What is Diabetes?

Chronic health condition
Insufficient insulin produced /used
Affects sugar breakdown

Introduction

Food eaten converted to glucose
Glucose produces energy
Insulin breaks down glucose
Diabetics do not sufficiently produce or use insulin
Causes blood sugar build-up in blood

Types

Type I diabetes

Mostly occurs in children/young adult
Insulin production affected

Type II diabetes

Mostly occur in adults
Body is partially/ fully insulin resistant
Blood sugar level increases

Diabetes

Gestational diabetes

Occurs in pregnant women
Causes problems in mother and
baby

Symptoms

Increased thirst
Excessive urination
Weight loss
Weakness
Vision changes
Dry skin / dehydration
Numbness in hands/ feet

Diagnosis

Fasting blood glucose level> 126 mg/dL
Random Blood Glucose> 200 mg/dL

Complications of diabetes

Diabetic Retinopathy (eye)
Kidney Disease
Heart Disease and Stroke
Nerve Disease
Impotence (sexual disorder)

Treatment
Type I diabetes

Daily Insulin injections
Insulin cannot be taken as a pill

Type II diabetes

Healthy diet and exercise brings down glucose level.
Some people need diabetic medicine or insulin

Medications lower blood glucose level

Sulfonylurea drugs & Meglitinedes: Produces insulin in the pancreas
Biguanides: decreases glucose in liver
µ- glucosidase inhibitors: Slows the absorption of starch
Consult a diabetologist or general physician

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IN CASE OF EMERGENCY(ICE)-Life Saving Measures

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Member Comments ( 1 )

Hi It is greatful article and it helps to many people not only to the health providers. Berhane Ghebretinsae Lecturer in College of Nursing and Health technology (Posted by berhane, Eritrea Date : 10/7/2009 )

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